Leukemia is a type of cancer that affects the blood and bone marrow, resulting in the overproduction of abnormal white blood cells. The signs and symptoms of leukemia can vary depending on the type of leukemia, stage of the disease, and individual factors. However, some common signs and symptoms include:
- Fatigue: Feeling excessively tired or weak, even after adequate rest, is a common symptom of leukemia.
- Frequent infections: Leukemia can compromise the immune system, leading to an increased susceptibility to infections such as pneumonia, bronchitis, and urinary tract infections.
- Fever: Persistent or recurrent fever without an obvious cause may be a symptom of leukemia.
- Easy bruising or bleeding: Leukemia can cause a decrease in platelets, which are responsible for blood clotting. This can lead to easy bruising, bleeding gums, nosebleeds, or prolonged bleeding from minor cuts.
- Unexplained weight loss: Significant and unexplained weight loss, often accompanied by loss of appetite, can be a symptom of leukemia.
- Swollen lymph nodes: Enlarged lymph nodes, particularly in the neck, armpits, or groin, may occur as a result of leukemia.
- Bone or joint pain: Leukemia can cause pain in the bones or joints, particularly in the legs and hips.
- Pale skin: Anemia, which is common in leukemia, can result in pale or sallow skin.
- Shortness of breath: Difficulty breathing or shortness of breath may occur due to anemia or other complications of leukemia.
- Enlarged spleen or liver: Leukemia can cause the spleen or liver to become enlarged, leading to discomfort or a feeling of fullness in the abdomen.
- Petechiae: These are small, red or purple spots that appear on the skin due to bleeding under the skin. They can be a sign of low platelet count, which is common in leukemia.
It’s important to note that these symptoms can also be caused by conditions other than leukemia. However, if you experience any persistent or concerning symptoms, it’s essential to consult a healthcare professional for proper evaluation and diagnosis. Early detection and treatment can significantly improve outcomes for individuals with leukemia.