Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition characterized by inflammation and narrowing of the airways, which leads to difficulty in breathing. The signs and symptoms of asthma can vary in severity from person to person and may include:
- Shortness of Breath: This is one of the most common symptoms of asthma. People with asthma may experience difficulty breathing, particularly during physical activity or when exposed to triggers such as allergens or irritants.
- Wheezing: Wheezing is a high-pitched whistling sound that occurs when breathing, especially during exhalation. It is caused by the narrowing of the airways and is a common symptom of asthma.
- Coughing: Persistent coughing, especially at night or early in the morning, can be a symptom of asthma. Coughing may be dry or accompanied by mucus production.
- Chest Tightness: People with asthma often describe a feeling of tightness or pressure in the chest. This sensation can range from mild discomfort to severe constriction.
- Difficulty Sleeping: Asthma symptoms tend to worsen at night, leading to sleep disturbances. Nighttime coughing, wheezing, and shortness of breath can disrupt sleep patterns and result in fatigue during the day.
- Fatigue: Chronic inflammation and inadequate oxygenation due to asthma symptoms can lead to fatigue and a general feeling of tiredness.
- Increased Respiratory Rate: During asthma attacks or flare-ups, the respiratory rate may increase as the body attempts to compensate for decreased oxygen intake.
- Anxiety or Panic: Difficulty breathing can trigger feelings of anxiety or panic in some individuals with asthma, further exacerbating symptoms.
- Reduced Exercise Tolerance: Asthma can limit physical activity due to shortness of breath and chest tightness during exertion.
- Symptoms Triggered by Allergens or Irritants: Certain substances or environmental factors can trigger asthma symptoms in susceptible individuals. Common triggers include pollen, dust mites, pet dander, smoke, strong odors, cold air, and respiratory infections.
It’s important to note that asthma symptoms can vary over time and may be influenced by factors such as environmental exposures, seasonal changes, stress, and overall health. Individuals experiencing symptoms suggestive of asthma should seek medical evaluation for proper diagnosis and management.