Hives (urticaria) can be treated in several ways, depending on their severity and underlying cause. Here are some common treatments:
- Antihistamines: These are the primary treatment for hives. They work by blocking the effects of histamine, a substance released during an allergic reaction that causes itching, swelling, and other symptoms. Antihistamines can be purchased over-the-counter or prescribed by a doctor.
- Corticosteroids: In cases of severe hives or when antihistamines alone aren’t effective, corticosteroids may be prescribed to reduce inflammation and alleviate symptoms. These are typically prescribed for short-term use due to potential side effects with long-term use.
- Epinephrine: For severe allergic reactions or anaphylaxis, epinephrine may be administered. This is usually in the form of an auto-injector (EpiPen) and is used in emergencies to quickly reverse symptoms.
- Avoidance of Triggers: If the hives are triggered by a specific substance or situation, such as certain foods, medications, or environmental factors, avoiding these triggers can help prevent outbreaks.
- Cool Compresses or Baths: Applying cool compresses or taking cool baths can help soothe itching and reduce inflammation associated with hives.
- Moisturizers: Using gentle, fragrance-free moisturizers can help relieve dryness and itchiness associated with hives.
- Identifying and Treating Underlying Causes: If hives are recurrent or chronic, it’s important to identify and address any underlying causes, such as infections, autoimmune disorders, or hormonal imbalances.
- Phototherapy: In some cases, exposure to certain wavelengths of light under medical supervision (phototherapy) may help alleviate symptoms of chronic hives.
- Immune-suppressing medications: In severe cases of chronic hives that don’t respond to other treatments, medications that suppress the immune system, such as cyclosporine or omalizumab, may be prescribed.
It’s essential to consult a healthcare professional for proper diagnosis and treatment recommendations tailored to individual needs. Additionally, emergency medical attention may be necessary for severe allergic reactions or anaphylaxis.