An ingrown nail, also known as onychocryptosis, occurs when the edge of a toenail grows into the skin surrounding it, leading to pain, redness, swelling, and sometimes infection. It most commonly affects the big toe but can occur on any toe.
Treatment for an ingrown nail depends on its severity. Here are some general steps:
- Soaking the Foot: Soak the affected foot in warm water several times a day to help reduce pain and swelling. You can add Epsom salts to the water to help soothe the area.
- Proper Nail Trimming: Trim the nails straight across to prevent them from growing into the surrounding skin. Avoid rounding the edges, as this can encourage ingrown nails.
- Wear Proper Footwear: Wear shoes that provide enough room for your toes and don’t put pressure on the nails. Avoid tight-fitting shoes or high heels that can exacerbate the problem.
- Protect the Area: If the ingrown nail is painful or at risk of infection, you can place a small piece of cotton or dental floss under the edge of the nail to lift it away from the skin. This can help relieve pressure.
- Medication: Over-the-counter pain relievers like ibuprofen or acetaminophen can help alleviate pain and inflammation. Antibiotic ointments can be applied to prevent infection.
- Professional Treatment: In severe cases or if home treatments don’t work, a doctor may need to intervene. This can involve lifting the nail, trimming the nail border, or removing part of the nail or tissue around it. In some cases, a minor surgical procedure may be necessary to permanently prevent the nail from growing inward.
It’s essential to seek medical attention if you have severe pain, signs of infection (such as pus or increased redness), or if you have diabetes or other conditions that affect circulation or immune function, as these can increase the risk of complications from an ingrown nail.