Hyponatremia is a medical condition characterized by low levels of sodium in the blood. Sodium is an essential electrolyte that helps regulate the balance of fluids in and around your cells, as well as maintain normal nerve and muscle function.
Hyponatremia typically occurs when there’s an imbalance in the intake and excretion of water and sodium, leading to dilution of sodium levels in the blood. This imbalance can result from various factors, including excessive sweating, vomiting, diarrhea, certain medications, hormonal imbalances, kidney disorders, or excessive water intake without sufficient electrolyte replacement.
Symptoms of hyponatremia can vary depending on the severity of the condition but may include nausea, vomiting, headache, confusion, fatigue, muscle weakness or cramps, seizures, and in severe cases, coma or death.
Treatment for hyponatremia depends on its underlying cause and severity. Mild cases may be treated by adjusting fluid intake and increasing sodium consumption through diet or electrolyte supplements. In more severe cases, intravenous fluids containing electrolytes may be administered under medical supervision.
It’s essential to seek medical attention if you suspect you or someone else may have hyponatremia, as it can be a serious condition with potentially life-threatening complications if left untreated.