Raynaud’s syndrome, also known as Raynaud’s phenomenon or Raynaud’s disease, is a condition that affects blood circulation, usually in the fingers and toes, but it can also affect the nose, ears, nipples, and lips.
In Raynaud’s syndrome, the small arteries that supply blood to your skin narrow in response to cold temperatures or stress, causing a temporary interruption of blood flow. This narrowing of the arteries is called vasospasm. When blood flow is restricted, the affected areas may turn white or blue and feel cold and numb. Once the vasospasm resolves and blood flow returns, the affected areas may turn red and throb or tingle.
Raynaud’s syndrome can occur on its own (primary Raynaud’s) or as a result of another medical condition or factor (secondary Raynaud’s). Secondary Raynaud’s is often associated with autoimmune diseases, such as lupus or scleroderma, or with certain medications or chemical exposure.
Although Raynaud’s syndrome is not usually dangerous on its own, it can cause discomfort and affect quality of life, especially in severe cases. Management typically involves avoiding triggers, keeping warm, and, in some cases, medication to help improve blood flow.