Seasonal allergies, also known as hay fever or allergic rhinitis, are allergic reactions that occur during specific times of the year when outdoor allergens such as pollen from grasses, trees, and weeds are prevalent. These allergens trigger the immune system in sensitive individuals, leading to symptoms such as:
- Sneezing
- Runny or stuffy nose
- Itchy or watery eyes
- Itchy throat or ears
- Coughing
- Fatigue
Seasonal allergies are not caused by viruses or bacteria but rather by the body’s immune response to harmless substances. The severity of symptoms can vary from person to person and can be influenced by factors such as the type and amount of allergen exposure, individual sensitivity, and overall health.
Treatment for seasonal allergies typically involves avoiding allergens when possible, using over-the-counter or prescription antihistamines, decongestants, nasal corticosteroids, and allergy shots (immunotherapy) in severe cases. Additionally, lifestyle changes such as keeping windows closed during high pollen seasons, using air purifiers, and wearing masks during outdoor activities can help reduce exposure to allergens.